NAME
cmos —
Read/write access to IBM PC/AT
CMOS RAM
SYNOPSIS
pseudo-device cmos
DESCRIPTION
The
cmos pseudo-device can be used to read the real-time clock
and ISA configuration data from an ISA-compatible CMOS RAM, and to write the
ISA configuration data.
A program reads between 0 and 48 bytes from the CMOS RAM, starting at byte 0 of
the RAM, using a single call to
read(2). Likewise, a program
writes between 0 and 48 bytes to the CMOS RAM, starting at byte 0 of the RAM,
using a single call to
write(2).
cmos does not allow programs to overwrite the real-time clock
data (bytes 0 through 9), the status registers (10 through 13), the diagnostic
status or CMOS shutdown status (bytes 14 and 15), or the CMOS checksum (bytes
46 and 47). Writes to those bytes are ignored.
On writes,
cmos recomputes the CMOS checksum and writes it to
the CMOS RAM.
EXAMPLES
Display entire contents of CMOS RAM:
# dd if=/dev/cmos bs=48 count=1 | od -t x1
0000000 37 00 09 00 22 00 06 13 04 80 26 02 50 80 00 00
0000020 00 51 f0 00 01 80 02 00 fc 0f 2f 00 00 00 00 00
0000040 00 80 81 f0 ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 05 ee
0000060
Change boot order on Soekris net4521 to PXE ROM, Primary HDD, Secondary HDD:
# dd if=/dev/cmos of=/tmp/cmos0 bs=48 count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
48 bytes transferred in 0.001 secs (48000 bytes/sec)
# cp /tmp/cmos0 /tmp/cmos
# printf '\xf0\x80\x81\xff' | dd bs=1 seek=33 conv=notrunc of=/tmp/cmos
4+0 records in
4+0 records out
4 bytes transferred in 0.001 secs (4000 bytes/sec)
# dd if=/tmp/cmos of=/dev/cmos
0+1 records in
0+1 records out
48 bytes transferred in 0.001 secs (48000 bytes/sec)
ERRORS
A program can read or write no more than 48 bytes to
cmos.
Both
read(2) and
write(2) will return
EINVAL
if more than 48 bytes are read or written at
once.
AUTHORS
The original
cmos driver was written by
Takahiro Kambe
<
taca@back-street.net>.
David Young
<
dyoung@NetBSD.org>
modified the original and added it to
NetBSD.